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Logan's Holocaust Report
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Picture this, your sitting at home minding your own business and all these German soldiers come to liquidate you; and you know that as soon as you get off that bus, you are going to be taken to your death. As soon as you read that you know that this is a crime against humanity. But you don’t know what this is about. This is the Holocaust. Every day this would happen. You never knew what was coming next. A lot of people went into hiding… but others had nowhere to go (Frank).
The Ravensbruck camp was a bad part in humanity. Early on in the camp, the death rate was comparatively low. Ravensbruck was designed to hold 15,000 prisoners, but by 1944 it held 42,000 from 23 different nations. About 15% of the population was Jewish along with Gypsies at about 5.5% of the population. In Ravensbruck the Jewish women were segregated and treated more harshly than the other women (History of the Holocaust).
In Ravensbruck, they made medical experiments that involved sterilization, the treatment of wounds with various substances to prevent infections, and methods for treating broken bones in the arms and legs. If the prisoners were thought of as too weak to perform any jobs given to them then they would be shot if selected. But beginning in 1942 they were transferred to “euthanasia” killing centers, while some prisoners were killed in the camp infirmary with lethal injections. The bodies of those killed in the camp were cremated in the Fuerstenberg crematorium until 1943, when a crematorium was built at a site near the camp prison. And in 1944/1945 a gas chamber was constructed and several thousand prisoners were gassed before the camp’s liberation (Historical Atlas of the Holocaust).
Ravensbruck was liberated April 29, 1945. Eight days earlier Ravensbruck was evacuated. When the Soviet Union showed up there were only 3,500 sick women left when records showed a total of 132,000 women and children had been imprisoned there. 863 children were born there between 1943 and 1945. Eventually death claimed 92,000 lives of Ravensbruck’s total population, with 32,000 of them being people who were put in a gas chamber in its last couple of months. In the end, Ravensbruck had the highest percentage of murdered prisoners than any other camp enforced by the Germans (History of the Holocaust). In humanity this is one of the worse parts of the war…until of course it was liberated.
The city of Ternopol is a city in Ukrainian SSR, founded by Poles in 1540. This city has been through its ups and downs through the years. The Germans conquered this city during World War II on July 2nd, 1939 with a pogrom 2 days after! About 5,000 Jews were murdered. In July and August of 1939 a decree was issued against the Jews. In this their movement was restricted inside and outside the city; many Jewish homes and valuables were taken; they were unable to change there places of residence; plus hundreds were taken out daily for forced labor (Holocaust Encyclopedia).
In September of 1939 they ordered an issue to set up a ghetto there. Until December, the concentration of the Jews in this ghetto and the fencing was continued. The Jewish Council allocated the houses in the ghetto, conducted a census, and supplied labor. In the fall and winter of 1941 and 1942 the Jewish Council was compelled to send groups of young people to the labor camps set up in the area, among them Kamionka, Hluboczek Wielki, and Borki Wielkie. But at the beginning of 1942 the Germans dismissed the chairman of the Judenrat, Gustav Fischer, claiming that he was not sufficiently compliant in executing their orders, and replaced him with Jokob Lipe(Holocaust Encyclopedia).
In March 1942 an Akition was carried out, ending with the killing of 700 Jews. In July the sporadic killings increased, and carried out. After a Selektion more than 3,000 people, most aged and sick, were deported to the BELZEC extermination camp and a few hundred men were sent to the labor camp in the area. But at the beginning of September, the Germans reduced the area of the ghetto, and the living conditions deteriorated. More and more Akitions were happening as time went on. On July 20 the final Akition happened. The sick and aged people were killed on the spot while the others were murdered in the fields in the vicinity of the city. And on July 22, the camp was officially closed. They killed everyone they could in the time that they had (Holocaust Encyclopedia).
The German Army had a series of won battles until the winter of 1942 and 1943. They had gone to Stalingrad to prepare the way for the conquest of the Caucaus and the Baku oil fields and a breakthrough in the Middle East. In order to do this, the capture of Staligrad was essential for the success. Under heavy German pressure the Red Army had to retreat, and on September 12, 1942 elements of the German Sixth Army and Fourth Panzer Army reached the suburbs of Stalingrad. These German forces consisted of 18 divisions and 600 tanks, supported by some 500 aircraft of the Forth Corps of the German air force. Now the battle had begun, September 15, 1942(Holocaust Encyclopedia).
Staingrad was the furthest the German Army had advanced into the Soviet Union. As a major industrial centre, it was an important prize in itself and the control of the city would have cut Soviet transport links with southern Russia via the Volga River (Britannica). The German Army was almost positive to win this battle. But the Red Army command decided to defend the city at any cost. The Soviets divisions suffered tremendous casualties but they succeeded in stopping the attackers (Holocaust Encyclopedia).
In the middle of November 1942 the Germans, at a heavy, price, had occupied most of the city and in 3 places the Volga but the Soviet defense had not been broken! Their success in blocking the Germans enabled the Soviets to assemble large forces for a counter offensive beginning on November 19th. By November 23rd they had encircled the 6th Army and part of the 4th within Stalingrad. On January 31st, 1943 Paulus disobeyed Hitler and surrendered, and February 31st the last 91,000 German troops turned themselves over to the Soviets. The Soviets recovered 250,000 German and Romanian corpses in and around Stalingrad, and total Axis losses are believed to have been 800,000 dead (Holocaust Encyclopedia and ushmm).
So in the end Ravensbruck was liberated and thousands died, Ternopol was liquidated and Akitions happened more times than I can count. But it ends with the Battle of Stalingrad where the Red Army won over Germany. Over these 3 events that took place thousands and thousands died. The Holocaust was one of the worst things in the entire world that has ever happened. And because of the Holocaust we are in a war right now. We gave the Jews Israel and now we are protecting them from everyone else wanting their land back. Because of Hitler- even though World War II ended- we may be in the 3rd World War.


BIBILOGRAPHY

· The Diary of Anne Frank
Otto H. Frank and Mirjam Pressler, Ed.s (1991)
New York, New York Copyright © 1991 by Doubleday
Ravensbruck- April 29th, 1945
· Historical Atlas of the Holocaust
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (1996).
New York, New York Copyright © 1996 by Yechiam Halevy, Pages 143, 153-154
· The Complete History of the Holocaust
Mitchell G. Bard, Ed. (2001)
San Diego, Ca. Copyright © 2001 by Greenhaven Press, Inc, Page 214
Ternopol Ghetto- June 20, 1943
· Holocaust Encyclopedia
Israel Gutman, Ed. in Chief (1995)
New York, New York Copyright © 1990 by Nacmillan Publishing Company Pages 1,458-1,459

Battle of Stalingrad- September 15, 1942
· Holocaust Encyclopedia
Israel Gutman, Ed. in Chief (1995)
New York, New York Copyright © 1990 by Nacmillan Publishing Company Pages 1,406- 1,407
· http://www.ushmm.org
1. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
2. October 25, 2007
3. WORLD WAR II IN EASTERN EUROPE, 1942-1945
4. USHMM .org
5. Friday, February 1st
6.http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005186
· http://www.britannica.com
1. Encyclopædia Britannica
2.
3. Battle of Stalingrad - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
4. Britannica Online Encyclopedia
5. February 3, 2008
6. http://www.britannica.com/bps/topic/562720/Battle-of-Stalingrad#tab=active~checked%2Citems~checked%3E%2Fbps%2Ftopic%2F562720%2FBattle-of-Stalingrad&title=BattleofStalingrad--BritannicaOnlineEncyclopedia

May 2, 2008 | 4:38 PM Comments  1 comments

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